Traversing mechanism for grinding machines



P. STONER Aug. 27, 1929.

TRAVERSING MECHANISM FOR GRINDING MACHINES Filed Nov. 18. 1920 I5 Sheets-Sheet l x V w awvmfioz Paul Sinner v ag a Aug. 27, 1929. P, STONER 1,726,247

- TRAVERSING MECHANISM FOR GRINDING MACHINES Filed Nov. 18, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 WORK CARRIAGE I-THE.

WHEEL CARRIAGE m h Paul Starter Aug; 27, 1929,.

TRAVERSING MECHANISM FOR GRI NDING MACHINES P. STQNER Filed Nov. 18. 1920 Paul Stone" 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Aug. 27, 19 29.

UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL STONER, OF WAYNESBORO, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN O R TO LANDIS TOOL COM- PANY, OF WAYNESBORO, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

TRAVERSING MECHANISMFOR GRINDING MACHINES.

Application filed November 18, 1920. Serial No. 424,900.

My said invention relates to an improvement in traversing mechanism for grinding machines and the principal purpose is to increase the efliciency of such machines and decrease the time required for doing their work. t

In grinding machines of this general type, as heretofore constructed, it has been customary to give a traversing movement to a carriage on which a grinding wheel or other abrading device is mounted while the work stands still; in another species belonging to the same general type it has been customary to mount the work on a carriage which is traversed back and forth with relation to a stationary grinding wheel. It is an object of my invention to provide a machine in which both the abrading device and the work are mounted on movable carriages such carriages being each adapted to reciprocate in working relation to the other. In this way I am enabled to grind or polish objects of considerable length with great economy in floor space and the relative speed of traverse as between the wheel and the Work is increased without giving eX- cessive speed to any one reciprocating member, thus eliminating the severe shocks caused at each end of the reciprocating movement where only one member reciprocates and it is necessary for the same to move very rapidly to give a high speed of reciprocation. Furthermore the fact that the two carriages travel in opposite directions and therefore reach the ends of their respective paths at the same instant of time produces a substantially equal and opposite shock effect on the machine frame at the same instant on each reversal of the movement, thus equalizing the shock within the machine. This enables the parts to be moved at considerable speeds without serious detrimental effects on the machine frame.

It is a further object of my invention to provide means whereby either the work carriage or the wheel carriage may be permitted to stand still thus greatly increasing the numher of possible speeds of relative traverse for the work and the abrading device and also greatly increasing the difference between minimum and maximum speed of relative traverse of the wheel and the work without necessitating any modification of the change speed mechanism heretofore employed. ()ne carriage may also have greater length of traverse than the other, ormove at a different speed if desired.

which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts,

t Figure 1 shows a front elevation of my improved machine,

Figure 2 is a vertical section of Figure 1,

F igure' 3, a vertical section on line 3-3 of Figure 2, v

Figure 41, a vertical section on line 4,4c of Figure 3,

Figure 5, a vertical section on line 5-5 of Figure 3,

Figure 6, a plan view of a pair of cams used in the machine, and

Figure 7 is a detail view of the clutch shifting mechanism.

In the machine a belt 10 driven from a source of power (not shown) operates to drive the pulley 11 and shaft 1-2, this being the main power shaft of the machine. Flexibly connected to this shaft are shaft-sections 13 and 14, and a pinion 15 at the end of section 14 is in mesh with a gear 16 splined to a shaft 17. The shaft 17 in addition also has a gear 18 splined thereto, gear 16 driving another gear 19 on a shaft 20, while gear 18 through gears 21 and 22 drives a shaft 23. Shafts 20 and 23 carry clutch elements 24: and 25 respectively, these elements being longitudinally movable thereon but fastened to the shafts for rotation therewith. An intermediate shaft 26 is sleeved on both shafts 20 and 23 andhas means at either end for engaging with the respective clutch elements 24 and 25 whereby it may be driven. It will be noted that shafts 20 and 23 are rotated in opposite directions because of the difference in the train of gears connecting them to intermediate shaft 17 consequently shaft 26 and the parts driven thereby may have movements of re ciprocation or oscillation. These trains of gears are shown in end View in Figures 5 and 4 respectively.

clutch members to drive the shaft and vice versa, the cup and cone clutch and operating means being old and well-known in the art. A hand lever 28 is provided for shifting clutches 24 and 25 into. and out of engaging relation to the co-operating clutch elements on shaft 26. The lever is pivotally mounted on the shaft of hand-wheel 27 by means of collars 30 and 31 and carries a pin and a roller 38 thereon for engaging a bar 32 movable transversely to the shaft. This bar has fast thereto clutch-operating pins 33 and 33 moving clutch elements 24 and 25. to reverse the movements of the shafts 26 and 29 and the parts driven thereby. It has also a V-shaped lug 34 fast thereto for engagement by a yieldable pin 34 to hold the bar at either extreme of its traverse.

The shaft 29 has a pair of gears 35 and 36 slidable thereon but splined to the shaft for rotation with it. The gear 35 drives the work carriage through a gear 37 and a rack 38 on the carriage, the work being driven by a belt 38 and the wheel spindle by a belt 44*. The gear 35 has a collar 39 integral therewith for movement by a slidable shifter 40. The shifter has a cam groove 41 formed therein engaged by a roller on an arm 42 fast to a shaft 43. In like manner the Wheel carriage is driven from gear 36 which meshes with a rack 44 on the carriage and has integral therewith a collar 45 operable by a shifter 46 having a grooved portion 47 engaged by a rock-arm 48. Rock-arm 48 is also carried by the shaft 43 mounted parallel to the shaft 29 and movable by means of a handle 50. A locking member 51 has therein notches a b and ,0 adapted to co-act with the rounded end of a rock arm 52 fixed to the shaft 29 and movable with arm 50. Movement of arm determines whether the wheel carriage or the work carriage or both carriages are to reciprocate at any given time and a change of operation can take place only when both carriages are in middle position this result being obtained by the following means.

Bar 53 is fixed to the work carriage for reciprocation therewith and this bar has a notch 54. An arm 55 movable with the locking device 51 carries a roller for engagement with the bar 53 to prevent movement of the locking device except when the notch 54 is in position for engagement by the roller and this occurs only when the work carriage is at the middle of its stroke. Similarly another arm 56 also fixed to the locking device carries a roller for engagement with a bar 57 on the wheel carriage having a notch 58. The bar 57 prevents movement of the locking device by engagement of the roller on arm 56 therewith except when the second notch is in line with the second roller. It will be seen that both the work carriage and the wheel carriage must be in at the middle of their stroke before the locking device 51 can be shifted to permit movement of the arm 50 such movement serving to determine whether the work and wheel shall move, as in the position shown in the drawings, or 'whether the wheel carriage only shall move as when the arm 50 is at its lowest position or whether the work only shall move as when the arm 50 is at its highest position, these positions being indicated on segment 59. The reason'for this will be obvious since if the change could be made at some other time it might occur, for example,

that operationof'the work carriage would be stopped near one end of its traverse and would thereafter be resumed when the wheel carriage was in middle position whereby it would impossible for the two devices to reach the opposite ends of their movement at the same time as is necessary for the proper functioning of the machine.

A dogging device 60 is shown on the drawings which serves to move lever 28 to and fro to reverse the direction of move ment of the reciprocating part or parts whereby also the length and position of the stroke can be determined by adjustment of the dogs 61. This device forms no part of my present invention and further description. is deemed unnecessary.

The parts being in the position shown and power being applied to the machine the work carriage and the wheel carriage are both reciprocated as shown by the indicator in Figure 1. When it is desired to change the operation of the parts, the power is ciit off as by separating clutch members 27" and 29". If the carriages are not at their middle position when stopped the machine is operated by hand to place them so after which the arm 55 is lifted by means of a pin 55*. The bars 53 and 57 are in the position shown in Figure 1 where the rollers may be moved into notches 54 and 58thus permitting movement of the arm 55 and the locking device 51 fast thereto. Arm 50 being now unlocked may be moved either up or down according as it is desired that the work carriage or the wheel carriage shall reciprocate. Movement of handle 50 swings the shaft 43 and its arms 42 and 48 which. act in the cam tracks 41 and 47. Figure 6 indicates the relative positions of the arms and cam tracks when the wheel carriage and work carriage are both reciprocating. 1f now the handle 50 is moved downward the roller on arm 48 will merely move along the straight portion of the slot 47 without any effect upon shifter 46 and the parts operated thereby while the roller on arm 42 moving along the inclined portion of its slot 41 slides shifter 40 to the left carrying with it the collar 39 and gear 35 to disengage the work carriage for the driving mechanism.

In similar manner if the handle 50 is moved upward the parts will be operated to disconnect the wheel carriage, the roller on arm 48 moving along the inclined portion of the cam slot 47 to slide collar 45 and gear 36 to the left and out of engagement with rack 44 to render the wheel carriage stationary while the roller on arm 42 moves idly in cam track 41.

In this machine the wheel carriage may have a movement of translation in either direction at a speed commensurate with that of machines of the prior art and the work carriage will have a similar speed in the opposite direction. It follows that to obtain a working stroke of similar length each moving part need travel only half as far as heretofore, thus resulting in a marked economy of floor space, the moving carriage ordinarily projecting first at one side of the machine frame and then at the other while in my device the overhang of the carriage will be reduced or even done away with. Furthermore each carriage at the end of its travel in either direction will have a dwell and the dwell of the work carriage being added to that of the wheel carriage will result in a combined dwell of suflicient length to insure a complete rotation of a small piece of work while the reversal of movement of parts is taking place. In my co-pending application No. 424,905, filed November 18, 1920, I have disclosed a tarry device for lengthening the dwell at each reversal of reciprocating movement, such tarry device doing away with the necessity heretofore existing that the person operating the machine must hold out of action the driving means which produces reciprocation so as to stop this movement at the end of each traverse for a sufficient length of time to permit a complete rotation of the work. My present device, for reasons above set forth, may do away with the necessity for the tarry device as well as the need of an operative to perform the function indicated. I

lVhile I have described a preferred form of my device as applied in the grinding art it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to this form nor to use thereofin any particular art, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a grinding machine, a work carriage, a carriage for an abrading device, and means to drive the carriages comprising racks thereon, pinions engaging the racks, a drive shaft to Which the pinions are splined, means to drive said shaft alternately in opposite directions and means to disengage said pinions selectively from said racks comprising shifters engaging the pinions, and a. rockshaft connected to the shifters to operate them selectively, substantially as set forth.

2. In a driving mechanism, a pair of driven members, a pair of driving members, a common shaft by which said driving members are driven, a rock-shaft, shifters for said driving members, said shifters having cam grooves, and arms on the rock shaft engaging said cam grooves, whereby movement of said rock-shaft operates said shifters, substantially as set forth. r

3. In a driving mechanism, a pair of power transmission devices, shifters therefor, each having a cam-groove and said camgrooves having parallel portions and similarly inclined portions, a shaft on which said shifters are slidable, arms on said shaft, each arm engaging a cam-groove whereby rocking of the shaft operates the shifters selectively, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination, a work carriage, a tool carriage, means adapted to drive said carriages, means for connecting the carriages selectively to the driving means comprising a rock-shaft, a handle thereon, a latch to engage the handle and hold the same in adjusted position, and means to prevent re lease of the latch except at a predetermined time, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination, a work carriage, a tool carriage, means adapted to drive said carriages, means for connecting the carriages selectively to the driving means comprising a rock-shaft, a handle thereon, a latch to engage the handle and hold the same in adjusted posititon, and means on each carriage to prevent release of the latch except when the carriages are at their middle position, substantially as set forth.

6. In combination, a work carriage, a tool carriage, means adapted to drive said carriages, means for connecting the carriages selectively to the driving means comprising a rock-shaft, a handle thereon, a latch to engage the handle and hold the same in adjusted position, and a bar on each carriage for engaging a portion of the latch to hold the latch normally in locking position, substantially as set forth.

7 In a grinding machine, a work carriage, means to rotate the work, a grinding wheelcarriage, means to rotate the wheel and means for driving the carriages comprising trains of gearing connectedto said carriages for reciprocating them respectively, and means for disabling said trains of gearing selectively comprising a shaft, a pair of gear shifters slidable thereon and having cam tracks therein, a pair of arms fast to said shaft and engaging said cam tracks whereby movement of the shaft in one direction may operate one gear shifter and in the other direction may operate the other gear shifter, substantially as set forth.

8. In a grinding machine, a Work carriage, means to rotate the Work, a grinding Wheel carriage, means to rotate the Wheel, means for reciprocating either or both of said carriages, and means for determining the condition of relative reciprocation comprising shifting mechanism connected to the driving means and means for preventing operation of said shifting mechanism except When the carriages are at the middle of their stroke, substantially as set forth.

9. In a grinding machine, a carriage for rotary Work, a carriage for a rotary Wheel, a common driving shaft for reciprocating said carriages, a reversible driving means connected thereto, a gear on said shaft for each carriage, shifters for said gears embodying cam tracks, and a shaft having connections to said cam tracks whereby rotation of said shaft controls the gear shifters.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at lVashington, D. C. this thirteenth day of November, ALD. nineteen hundred and twenty.

PAUL STONER. 

